Three-Phase vs Single-Phase Charging Explained

Understanding Your Power Supply

Most UK homes have a single-phase electricity supply, which limits EV charging to around 7kW (32A). Three-phase power, common in commercial settings and some larger homes, allows charging at up to 22kW.

Single-Phase Charging (Most Homes)

• Maximum power: 7.4kW (7kW charger)
• Charging speed: Adds ~25-30 miles of range per hour
• Typical full charge: 6-10 hours for a 60kWh battery
• Cost: Standard charger cost (£500-1500)

Three-Phase Charging

• Maximum power: 22kW
• Charging speed: Adds ~75-90 miles of range per hour
• Typical full charge: 2-3 hours for a 60kWh battery
• Cost: Charger £1000-1800 + potential supply upgrade

Do You Need Three-Phase?

For most domestic users, single-phase is perfectly adequate. Consider three-phase if:

• You have very high daily mileage (100+ miles)
• You need rapid top-ups during the day
• You have multiple EVs to charge
• You already have three-phase supply
• You're running a business fleet

Upgrading to Three-Phase

If you want three-phase power, you'll need to contact your DNO (Distribution Network Operator). Costs vary significantly by location (£1,000-£10,000+) and depend on distance from the nearest three-phase supply.